Pi as a UPS monitor

JaredBusch

Instructions assuming a Pi3

Install NOOBS to the SD Card.
Boot the Pi to NOOBS
Connect to wifi
Once it sees internet you can choose to install a minimal version of raspbian with no GUI
wait
login with default creds pi/raspberry
run sudo raspi-config to enable SSH and optionally set other options you want.
edit the wifi config file sudo nano /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf
network={
ssid="yourssid"
psk="ssidpassword"
}
reboot the Pi3
update raspian
1. sudo apt-get update
2. sudo apt-get upgrade
Install nut
1. sudo apt-get install nut
Edit sudo nano /etc/nut/nut.conf
1. change MODE=standalone
Edit sudo nano /etc/nut/ups.conf
add a block at the end of the file.
1. a default example
  [somenameforups]
  driver = usbhid-ups
  port = auto
  desc = "Some descriptive name for UPS"
2. what mine is
  [jaredoffice]
  driver = usbhid-ups
  port = auto
  desc = "Jared's Desk"
Test the conf file is right sudo upsdrvctl start
Launch the UPS daemon sudo upsd
see if it is talking sudo upsc somenameforups@localhost
1. or my real one sudo upsc jaredoffice@localhost

gjacobse

Interesting that the last two of the last three messages seem out of order. But - great information.

gjacobse

Well - while I don't have a Pi yet, I do happen to have a LM 17.x system running as my Pandora Music box (Pithos). It's within reach of one of the several UPS units I have (I have like nine) so I used your process and got one set up:

sudo upsc pandora
:
Init SSL without certificate database
battery.charge: 100
battery.charge.low: 10
battery.charge.warning: 50
battery.date: not set
battery.mfr.date: 2014/06/22
battery.runtime: 3336
battery.runtime.low: 120
battery.type: PbAc
battery.voltage: 13.5
battery.voltage.nominal: 12.0
device.mfr: APC
device.model: Back-UPS ES 550G
device.serial: 4B1425P54201
device.type: ups
driver.name: usbhid-ups
driver.parameter.pollfreq: 30
driver.parameter.pollinterval: 2
driver.parameter.port: auto
driver.version: 2.7.1
driver.version.data: APC HID 0.95
driver.version.internal: 0.38
input.sensitivity: medium
input.transfer.high: 139
input.transfer.low: 92
input.voltage: 125.0
input.voltage.nominal: 120
ups.beeper.status: enabled
ups.delay.shutdown: 20
ups.firmware: 904.W1 .D
ups.firmware.aux: W1
ups.load: 12
ups.mfr: APC
ups.mfr.date: 2014/06/22
ups.model: Back-UPS ES 550G
ups.productid: 0002
ups.serial: 4B1425P54201
ups.status: OL
ups.timer.reboot: 0
ups.timer.shutdown: -1
ups.vendorid: 051d

JaredBusch

Today will be tinkering with notification options.

gjacobse

Just got this:

Init SSL without certificate database
Error: Data stale

gjacobse

Went back through the commands above to validation / confirmation:

$ sudo nano /etc/nut/nut.conf

no changes - the same.

$ sudo nano /etc/nut/ups.conf

no changes - the same

 $ sudo upsdrvctl start
Network UPS Tools - UPS driver controller 2.7.1
Network UPS Tools - Generic HID driver 0.38 (2.7.1)
USB communication driver 0.32
Duplicate driver instance detected! Terminating other driver!
Using subdriver: APC HID 0.95

Okay - seems 'ok'

$ sudo upsd
Network UPS Tools upsd 2.7.1
fopen /var/run/nut/upsd.pid: No such file or directory
not listening on 127.0.0.1 port 3493
not listening on ::1 port 3493
no listening interface available

$ sudo upsc pandora
Init SSL without certificate database
Error: Data stale

curious.

JaredBusch

@gjacobse I do not get that. Mine has been untouched since last night.

pi@raspberrypi:~ $ sudo upsc jaredoffice
Init SSL without certificate database
battery.charge: 100
battery.charge.low: 10
battery.charge.warning: 50
battery.date: 2001/09/25
battery.mfr.date: 2010/12/15
battery.runtime: 1472
battery.runtime.low: 120
battery.type: PbAc
battery.voltage: 27.2
battery.voltage.nominal: 24.0
device.mfr: American Power Conversion
device.model: Back-UPS BR1000G
device.serial: 3B1051X20329
device.type: ups
driver.name: usbhid-ups
driver.parameter.pollfreq: 30
driver.parameter.pollinterval: 2
driver.parameter.port: auto
driver.version: 2.7.2
driver.version.data: APC HID 0.95
driver.version.internal: 0.38
input.sensitivity: medium
input.transfer.high: 147
input.transfer.low: 88
input.voltage: 124.0
input.voltage.nominal: 120
ups.beeper.status: enabled
ups.delay.shutdown: 20
ups.firmware: 868.L1 .D
ups.firmware.aux: L1
ups.load: 20
ups.mfr: American Power Conversion
ups.mfr.date: 2010/12/15
ups.model: Back-UPS BR1000G
ups.productid: 0002
ups.realpower.nominal: 600
ups.serial: 3B1051X20329
ups.status: OL
ups.test.result: No test initiated
ups.timer.reboot: 0
ups.timer.shutdown: -1
ups.vendorid: 051d
pi@raspberrypi:~ $

JaredBusch

This is what I will be following to configure reporting/alerting.
http://www.techrepublic.com/article/customize-ups-related-alerts-in-nut/

gjacobse

@JaredBusch
Well push comes to Meh -okay. I restarted the box and it's polls now.

Won't do anything else with it for a spell to see if it retains it. It's been four days since I restarted it. Now - to reconnect to it as I had to pull the monitor off. X2Go works great,.. but only once I've signed in at the local. sure that is omething that can be changed.

gjacobse

checking on my UPS this morning

 ~ $ uptime
 09:59:20 up 6 days, 18:12,  2 users,  load average: 0.19, 0.25, 0.25

 ~ $ sudo upsc pandora
Init SSL without certificate database
battery.charge: 100
battery.charge.low: 10
battery.charge.warning: 50
battery.date: not set
battery.mfr.date: 2014/06/22
battery.runtime: 3172
battery.runtime.low: 120
battery.type: PbAc
battery.voltage: 13.6
battery.voltage.nominal: 12.0
device.mfr: APC
device.model: Back-UPS ES 550G
device.serial: 4B1425P54201
device.type: ups
driver.name: usbhid-ups
driver.parameter.pollfreq: 30
driver.parameter.pollinterval: 2
driver.parameter.port: auto
driver.version: 2.7.1
driver.version.data: APC HID 0.95
driver.version.internal: 0.38
input.sensitivity: medium
input.transfer.high: 139
input.transfer.low: 92
input.voltage: 126.0
input.voltage.nominal: 120
ups.beeper.status: enabled
ups.delay.shutdown: 20
ups.firmware: 904.W1 .D
ups.firmware.aux: W1
ups.load: 13
ups.mfr: APC
ups.mfr.date: 2014/06/22
ups.model: Back-UPS ES 550G
ups.productid: 0002
ups.serial: 4B1425P54201
ups.status: OL
ups.timer.reboot: 0
ups.timer.shutdown: -1
ups.vendorid: 051d

Since reboot, the monitor has been running all the time. So it may have been simply that.

As for having multiple UPS monitoring, I was curious what you thought about having a central display which showed the status of each UPS monitored. That way you have one display to glance at for a health check.

gjacobse

@gjacobse said in Pi as a UPS monitor:

checking on my UPS this morning

Since reboot, the monitor has been running all the time. So it may have been simply that.

As for having multiple UPS monitoring, I was curious what you thought about having a central display which showed the status of each UPS monitored. That way you have one display to glance at for a health check.

Maybe something similar to the UBNT controller software - central configuration ability.....

travisdh1

@gjacobse said in Pi as a UPS monitor:

checking on my UPS this morning

 ~ $ uptime
 09:59:20 up 6 days, 18:12,  2 users,  load average: 0.19, 0.25, 0.25

 ~ $ sudo upsc pandora
Init SSL without certificate database
battery.charge: 100
battery.charge.low: 10
battery.charge.warning: 50
battery.date: not set
battery.mfr.date: 2014/06/22
battery.runtime: 3172
battery.runtime.low: 120
battery.type: PbAc
battery.voltage: 13.6
battery.voltage.nominal: 12.0
device.mfr: APC
device.model: Back-UPS ES 550G
device.serial: 4B1425P54201
device.type: ups
driver.name: usbhid-ups
driver.parameter.pollfreq: 30
driver.parameter.pollinterval: 2
driver.parameter.port: auto
driver.version: 2.7.1
driver.version.data: APC HID 0.95
driver.version.internal: 0.38
input.sensitivity: medium
input.transfer.high: 139
input.transfer.low: 92
input.voltage: 126.0
input.voltage.nominal: 120
ups.beeper.status: enabled
ups.delay.shutdown: 20
ups.firmware: 904.W1 .D
ups.firmware.aux: W1
ups.load: 13
ups.mfr: APC
ups.mfr.date: 2014/06/22
ups.model: Back-UPS ES 550G
ups.productid: 0002
ups.serial: 4B1425P54201
ups.status: OL
ups.timer.reboot: 0
ups.timer.shutdown: -1
ups.vendorid: 051d

Since reboot, the monitor has been running all the time. So it may have been simply that.

As for having multiple UPS monitoring, I was curious what you thought about having a central display which showed the status of each UPS monitored. That way you have one display to glance at for a health check.

Take the output of upsc and throw it up on a web page. Unless you want a local display, in which case it's actually more difficult.

thwr

@gjacobse said in Pi as a UPS monitor:

checking on my UPS this morning

 ~ $ uptime
 09:59:20 up 6 days, 18:12,  2 users,  load average: 0.19, 0.25, 0.25

 ~ $ sudo upsc pandora
Init SSL without certificate database
battery.charge: 100
battery.charge.low: 10
battery.charge.warning: 50
battery.date: not set
battery.mfr.date: 2014/06/22
battery.runtime: 3172
battery.runtime.low: 120
battery.type: PbAc
battery.voltage: 13.6
battery.voltage.nominal: 12.0
device.mfr: APC
device.model: Back-UPS ES 550G
device.serial: 4B1425P54201
device.type: ups
driver.name: usbhid-ups
driver.parameter.pollfreq: 30
driver.parameter.pollinterval: 2
driver.parameter.port: auto
driver.version: 2.7.1
driver.version.data: APC HID 0.95
driver.version.internal: 0.38
input.sensitivity: medium
input.transfer.high: 139
input.transfer.low: 92
input.voltage: 126.0
input.voltage.nominal: 120
ups.beeper.status: enabled
ups.delay.shutdown: 20
ups.firmware: 904.W1 .D
ups.firmware.aux: W1
ups.load: 13
ups.mfr: APC
ups.mfr.date: 2014/06/22
ups.model: Back-UPS ES 550G
ups.productid: 0002
ups.serial: 4B1425P54201
ups.status: OL
ups.timer.reboot: 0
ups.timer.shutdown: -1
ups.vendorid: 051d

Since reboot, the monitor has been running all the time. So it may have been simply that.

As for having multiple UPS monitoring, I was curious what you thought about having a central display which showed the status of each UPS monitored. That way you have one display to glance at for a health check.

AMQP / MQTT may be awesome for this at the transport layer. MQTT is an interesting protocol that let you define a "last will and testament" action in case something goes south.

Ansible/Puppet etc. can handle the central configuration.

JaredBusch

Hey 3 months later.....

JaredBusch

Alright, I plugged the thing back in and got to testing.

Yeah! It still communicates.

pi@raspberrypi:~ $ sudo upsc jaredoffice
Init SSL without certificate database
battery.charge: 84
battery.charge.low: 10
battery.charge.warning: 50
battery.date: 2001/09/25
battery.mfr.date: 2010/12/15
battery.runtime: 1236
battery.runtime.low: 120
battery.type: PbAc
battery.voltage: 27.0
battery.voltage.nominal: 24.0
device.mfr: American Power Conversion
device.model: Back-UPS BR1000G
device.serial: 3B1051X20329
device.type: ups
driver.name: usbhid-ups
driver.parameter.pollfreq: 30
driver.parameter.pollinterval: 2
driver.parameter.port: auto
driver.version: 2.7.2
driver.version.data: APC HID 0.95
driver.version.internal: 0.38
input.sensitivity: medium
input.transfer.high: 147
input.transfer.low: 88
input.transfer.reason: input voltage out of range
input.voltage: 124.0
input.voltage.nominal: 120
ups.beeper.status: enabled
ups.delay.shutdown: 20
ups.firmware: 868.L1 .D
ups.firmware.aux: L1
ups.load: 20
ups.mfr: American Power Conversion
ups.mfr.date: 2010/12/15
ups.model: Back-UPS BR1000G
ups.productid: 0002
ups.realpower.nominal: 600
ups.serial: 3B1051X20329
ups.status: OL CHRG
ups.test.result: No test initiated
ups.timer.reboot: 0
ups.timer.shutdown: -1
ups.vendorid: 051d

JaredBusch

Pulled the power cord from the wall. UPS beeps, but nothing from nut.

Ok back to the manual and checking the conf files.

Well it would probably help if I told the thing what to monitor..
/etc/nut/upsmon.conf

MONITOR jaredoffice@localhost 1 upsmon demo master

Oh but those details have to match /etc/nut/ups.conf and /etc/nut/upsd.users. Well I already know that my unit is called jaredoffice@localhost from ups.conf. So just edit upsd.users.

pi@raspberrypi:~ $ sudo nano /etc/nut/upsd.users
# put at end of file
[upsmon]
password = demo
upsmon master

Now reload the monitor

pi@raspberrypi:~ $ sudo upsmon -c reload
Network UPS Tools upsmon 2.7.2
pi@raspberrypi:~ $

Then unplug the UPS. and get nothing.

look in the logs..
tail/var/log/syslog

Feb  1 17:05:38 raspberrypi upsmon[732]: UPS jaredoffice@localhost on battery
Feb  1 17:05:38 raspberrypi rsyslogd-2007: action 'action 17' suspended, next retry is Wed Feb  1 17:06:08 2017 [try http://www.rsyslog.com/e/2007 ]
Feb  1 17:05:38 raspberrypi upssched[964]: Can't open /etc/nut/upssched.conf: Permission denied
Feb  1 17:05:48 raspberrypi upsmon[732]: UPS jaredoffice@localhost on line power
Feb  1 17:05:48 raspberrypi upssched[967]: Can't open /etc/nut/upssched.conf: Permission denied

Say to yourself, WTF did I do 3 months ago....

Time to reload and start over.

gjacobse

@JaredBusch said in Pi as a UPS monitor:

Pulled the power cord from the wall. UPS beeps, but nothing from nut.

Ok back to the manual and checking the conf files.

Well it would probably help if I told the thing what to monitor..
/etc/nut/upsmon.conf
MONITOR jaredoffice@localhost 1 upsmon demo master
Oh but those details have to match /etc/nut/ups.conf and /etc/nut/upsd.users. Well I already know that my unit is called jaredoffice@localhost from ups.conf. So just edit upsd.users.
pi@raspberrypi:~ $ sudo nano /etc/nut/upsd.users
# put at end of file
[upsmon]
password = demo
upsmon master
Now reload the monitor
pi@raspberrypi:~ $ sudo upsmon -c reload
Network UPS Tools upsmon 2.7.2
pi@raspberrypi:~ $
Then unplug the UPS. and get nothing.

look in the logs..
tail/var/log/syslog
Feb  1 17:05:38 raspberrypi upsmon[732]: UPS jaredoffice@localhost on battery
Feb  1 17:05:38 raspberrypi rsyslogd-2007: action 'action 17' suspended, next retry is Wed Feb  1 17:06:08 2017 [try http://www.rsyslog.com/e/2007 ]
Feb  1 17:05:38 raspberrypi upssched[964]: Can't open /etc/nut/upssched.conf: Permission denied
Feb  1 17:05:48 raspberrypi upsmon[732]: UPS jaredoffice@localhost on line power
Feb  1 17:05:48 raspberrypi upssched[967]: Can't open /etc/nut/upssched.conf: Permission denied
Say to yourself, WTF did I do 3 months ago....

Time to reload and start over.

think i got the same thing, and decide the same course of action, to which I have not moved forward with. Albeit, it's not on a rPi but a desktop - premise is the same.

Think we may have to create a user for the NUT system.... but again,.. can't work with it right now.

JaredBusch

Quick check of upsmon.conf found this, uncommented it.

# RUN_AS_USER nut

Rebooted Pi, unplugged UPS.

Broadcast message from nut@raspberrypi (somewhere) (Wed Feb  1 17:19:04 2017):

UPS jaredoffice@localhost on battery


Broadcast message from nut@raspberrypi (somewhere) (Wed Feb  1 17:19:24 2017):

UPS jaredoffice@localhost on line power

JaredBusch

Syslog had this though.

Feb  1 17:19:04 raspberrypi upsmon[734]: UPS jaredoffice@localhost on battery
Feb  1 17:19:11 raspberrypi upssched[792]: Failed to connect to parent and failed to create parent: No such file or directory
Feb  1 17:19:24 raspberrypi upsmon[734]: UPS jaredoffice@localhost on line power

Back to the config files we go!
/etc/nut/upssched.conf

# PIPEFN <filename>
# This is commented out by default to make you visit this file and think
# about how your system works before potentially opening a hole.

FFS, but it gets better! Right below that, also commented out.

# LOCKFN <filename>
#
# REQUIRED.  This was added after version 1.2.1.
#
# upssched needs to be able to create this filename in order to avoid
# a race condition when two events are dispatched from upsmon at nearly
# the same time.  This file will only exist briefly.  It must not be
# created by any other process.
#
# You should put this in the same directory as PIPEFN.
#

So I update the config and make a directory forgetting to chown it from root /sigh...

PIPEFN /etc/nut/upssched/upssched.pipe
LOCKFN /etc/nut/upssched/upssched.lock

JaredBusch

Once it was all chowned...

Feb  1 17:33:08 raspberrypi upssched[793]: Timer daemon started
Feb  1 17:33:09 raspberrypi upssched[793]: New timer: onbattwarn (30 seconds)
Feb  1 17:33:39 raspberrypi upssched[793]: Event: onbattwarn
Feb  1 17:33:54 raspberrypi upssched[793]: Timer queue empty, exiting

And output to the screen:

Broadcast message from nut@raspberrypi (somewhere) (Wed Feb  1 17:33:39 2017):

The UPS is currently running on battery power!